1945 : U.N. CHARTER SIGNED:
In the Herbst Theater auditorium in San Francisco, delegates from 50
nations sign the United Nations Charter, establishing the world body
as a means of saving "succeeding generations from the scourge of war."
The Charter was ratified on October 24, and the first U.N. General
Assembly met in London on January 10, 1946.
Despite the failure of the League of Nations in arbitrating the
conflicts that led up to World War II, the Allies as early as 1941
proposed establishing a new international body to maintain peace in
the postwar world. The idea of the United Nations began to be
articulated in August 1941, when U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic
Charter, which proposed a set of principles for international
collaboration in maintaining peace and security. Later that year,
Roosevelt coined "United Nations" to describe the nations allied
against the Axis powers--Germany, Italy, and Japan. The term was first
officially used on January 1, 1942, when representatives of 26 Allied
nations met in Washington, D.C., and signed the Declaration by the
United Nations, which endorsed the Atlantic Charter and presented the
united war aims of the Allies.
In October 1943, the major Allied powers--Great Britain, the United
States, the USSR, and China--met in Moscow and issued the Moscow
Declaration, which officially stated the need for an international
organization to replace the League of Nations. That goal was
reaffirmed at the Allied conference in Tehran in December 1943, and in
August 1944 Great Britain, the United States, the USSR, and China met
at the Dumbarton Oaks estate in Washington, D.C., to lay the
groundwork for the United Nations. Over seven weeks, the delegates
sketched out the form of the world body but often disagreed over
issues of membership and voting. Compromise was reached by the "Big
Three"--the United States, Britain, and the USSR--at the Yalta
Conference in February 1945, and all countries that had adhered to the
1942 Declaration by the United Nations were invited to the United
Nations founding conference.
On April 25, 1945, the United Nations Conference on International
Organization convened in San Francisco with 50 nations represented.
Three months later, during which time Germany had surrendered, the
final Charter of the United Nations was unanimously adopted by the
delegates. On June 26, it was signed. The Charter, which consisted of
a preamble and 19 chapters divided into 111 articles, called for the
U.N. to maintain international peace and security, promote social
progress and better standards of life, strengthen international law,
and promote the expansion of human rights. The principal organs of the
U.N., as specified in the Charter, were the Secretariat, the General
Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the
International Court of Justice, and the Trusteeship Council.
On October 24, 1945, the U.N. Charter came into force upon its
ratification by the five permanent members of the Security Council and
a majority of other signatories. The first U.N. General Assembly, with
51 nations represented, opened in London on January 10, 1946. On
October 24, 1949, exactly four years after the United Nations Charter
went into effect, the cornerstone was laid for the present United
Nations headquarters, located in New York City. Since 1945, the Nobel
Peace Prize has been awarded more than ten times to the United Nations
and its organizations or to individual U.N. officials, most recently
to both the organization as a whole and Secretary-General Kofi Annan
in 2001.
history.com/tdih.do
1541 : Conqueror of the Incas assassinated
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5123
1917 : First U.S. troops arrive in France
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5124
1959 : St. Lawrence Seaway opened
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5125
1993 : Clinton punishes Iraq for plot to kill Bush
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5126
2003 : Former U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond dies
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5127
#########################################
In the Herbst Theater auditorium in San Francisco, delegates from 50
nations sign the United Nations Charter, establishing the world body
as a means of saving "succeeding generations from the scourge of war."
The Charter was ratified on October 24, and the first U.N. General
Assembly met in London on January 10, 1946.
Despite the failure of the League of Nations in arbitrating the
conflicts that led up to World War II, the Allies as early as 1941
proposed establishing a new international body to maintain peace in
the postwar world. The idea of the United Nations began to be
articulated in August 1941, when U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic
Charter, which proposed a set of principles for international
collaboration in maintaining peace and security. Later that year,
Roosevelt coined "United Nations" to describe the nations allied
against the Axis powers--Germany, Italy, and Japan. The term was first
officially used on January 1, 1942, when representatives of 26 Allied
nations met in Washington, D.C., and signed the Declaration by the
United Nations, which endorsed the Atlantic Charter and presented the
united war aims of the Allies.
In October 1943, the major Allied powers--Great Britain, the United
States, the USSR, and China--met in Moscow and issued the Moscow
Declaration, which officially stated the need for an international
organization to replace the League of Nations. That goal was
reaffirmed at the Allied conference in Tehran in December 1943, and in
August 1944 Great Britain, the United States, the USSR, and China met
at the Dumbarton Oaks estate in Washington, D.C., to lay the
groundwork for the United Nations. Over seven weeks, the delegates
sketched out the form of the world body but often disagreed over
issues of membership and voting. Compromise was reached by the "Big
Three"--the United States, Britain, and the USSR--at the Yalta
Conference in February 1945, and all countries that had adhered to the
1942 Declaration by the United Nations were invited to the United
Nations founding conference.
On April 25, 1945, the United Nations Conference on International
Organization convened in San Francisco with 50 nations represented.
Three months later, during which time Germany had surrendered, the
final Charter of the United Nations was unanimously adopted by the
delegates. On June 26, it was signed. The Charter, which consisted of
a preamble and 19 chapters divided into 111 articles, called for the
U.N. to maintain international peace and security, promote social
progress and better standards of life, strengthen international law,
and promote the expansion of human rights. The principal organs of the
U.N., as specified in the Charter, were the Secretariat, the General
Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the
International Court of Justice, and the Trusteeship Council.
On October 24, 1945, the U.N. Charter came into force upon its
ratification by the five permanent members of the Security Council and
a majority of other signatories. The first U.N. General Assembly, with
51 nations represented, opened in London on January 10, 1946. On
October 24, 1949, exactly four years after the United Nations Charter
went into effect, the cornerstone was laid for the present United
Nations headquarters, located in New York City. Since 1945, the Nobel
Peace Prize has been awarded more than ten times to the United Nations
and its organizations or to individual U.N. officials, most recently
to both the organization as a whole and Secretary-General Kofi Annan
in 2001.
history.com/tdih.do
1541 : Conqueror of the Incas assassinated
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5123
1917 : First U.S. troops arrive in France
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5124
1959 : St. Lawrence Seaway opened
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5125
1993 : Clinton punishes Iraq for plot to kill Bush
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5126
2003 : Former U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond dies
history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=5127
#########################################
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