1901 : VAN GOGH PAINTINGS SHOWN:
On March 17, 1901, paintings by the late Dutch painter Vincent van
Gogh are shown at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery in Paris. The 71
paintings, which captured their subjects in bold brushstrokes and
expressive colors, caused a sensation across the art world. Eleven
years before, while living in Auvers-sur-Oise outside Paris, van Gogh
had committed suicide without any notion that his work was destined to
win acclaim beyond his wildest dreams. In his lifetime, he had sold
only one painting. One of his paintings--the Yasuda Sunflowers--sold
for just under $40 million at a Christie's auction in 1987.
Born in Zundert in the Netherlands in 1853, van Gogh worked as a
salesman in an art gallery, a language teacher, a bookseller, and an
evangelist among Belgium miners before settling on his true vocation
as an artist. What is known as the "productive decade" began in 1880,
and for the first few years he confined himself almost entirely to
drawings and watercolors while acquiring technical proficiency. He
studied drawing at the Brussels Academy and in 1881 went to the
Netherlands to work from nature. The most famous work from the Dutch
period was the dark and earthy The Potato Eaters (1885), which showed
the influence of Jean-Francois Millet, a French painter famous for his
peasant subjects.
In 1886, van Gogh went to live with his brother, Theo, in Paris.
There, van Gogh met the foremost French painters of the
postimpressionist period, including Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul
Gauguin, Camille Pissarro, and Georges Seurat. He was greatly
influenced by the theories of these artists and under the advice of
Pissarro he adopted the kind of colorful palette for which he is
famous. His painting Portrait of Pere Tanguy (1887) was the first
successful work in his new postimpressionist style.
In 1888, van Gogh, mentally exhausted and feeling he was becoming a
burden on Theo, left Paris and took a house at Arles in southeastern
France. The next 12 months marked his first great period, and working
with great speed and intensity he produced such masterful works as his
sunflower series and The Night Cafe (1888). He hoped to form a
community of like-minded artists at Arles and was joined by Gauguin
for a tense two months that culminated when van Gogh threatened
Gauguin with a razor blade and then cut a piece of his own ear off. It
was his first bout with mental illness, diagnosed as dementia.
Van Gogh spent two weeks at the Arles Hospital and in April 1889
checked himself into the asylum at Saint-Remy-de-Provence. He stayed
there for 12 months and continued to work between recurrent attacks.
One of the great paintings from this period was the swirling,
visionary Starry Night (1889). In May 1890, he left the asylum and
visited Theo in Paris before going to live with Paul-Ferdinand Gachet,
a homeopathic doctor and friend of Pissarro, at Auvers-sur-Oise. He
worked enthusiastically for several months, but his mental and
emotional state soon deteriorated. In late July 1890, feeling that he
was a burden on Theo and others, he shot himself. He died two days
later, on July 29, in the arms of his brother.
He had exhibited a few canvases at the Salon des Independants in Paris
and in Brussels, and after his death both salons showed small
commemorative exhibits of his work. Over the next decade, a handful of
other van Gogh exhibits took place, but it was not until the
Bernheim-Jeune show in 1901 that he was recognized as a truly
important painter. In subsequent decades, his fame grew exponentially,
and today his paintings are among the most recognized works of art in
the world.
history.com/tdih.do
Gogh are shown at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery in Paris. The 71
paintings, which captured their subjects in bold brushstrokes and
expressive colors, caused a sensation across the art world. Eleven
years before, while living in Auvers-sur-Oise outside Paris, van Gogh
had committed suicide without any notion that his work was destined to
win acclaim beyond his wildest dreams. In his lifetime, he had sold
only one painting. One of his paintings--the Yasuda Sunflowers--sold
for just under $40 million at a Christie's auction in 1987.
Born in Zundert in the Netherlands in 1853, van Gogh worked as a
salesman in an art gallery, a language teacher, a bookseller, and an
evangelist among Belgium miners before settling on his true vocation
as an artist. What is known as the "productive decade" began in 1880,
and for the first few years he confined himself almost entirely to
drawings and watercolors while acquiring technical proficiency. He
studied drawing at the Brussels Academy and in 1881 went to the
Netherlands to work from nature. The most famous work from the Dutch
period was the dark and earthy The Potato Eaters (1885), which showed
the influence of Jean-Francois Millet, a French painter famous for his
peasant subjects.
In 1886, van Gogh went to live with his brother, Theo, in Paris.
There, van Gogh met the foremost French painters of the
postimpressionist period, including Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul
Gauguin, Camille Pissarro, and Georges Seurat. He was greatly
influenced by the theories of these artists and under the advice of
Pissarro he adopted the kind of colorful palette for which he is
famous. His painting Portrait of Pere Tanguy (1887) was the first
successful work in his new postimpressionist style.
In 1888, van Gogh, mentally exhausted and feeling he was becoming a
burden on Theo, left Paris and took a house at Arles in southeastern
France. The next 12 months marked his first great period, and working
with great speed and intensity he produced such masterful works as his
sunflower series and The Night Cafe (1888). He hoped to form a
community of like-minded artists at Arles and was joined by Gauguin
for a tense two months that culminated when van Gogh threatened
Gauguin with a razor blade and then cut a piece of his own ear off. It
was his first bout with mental illness, diagnosed as dementia.
Van Gogh spent two weeks at the Arles Hospital and in April 1889
checked himself into the asylum at Saint-Remy-de-Provence. He stayed
there for 12 months and continued to work between recurrent attacks.
One of the great paintings from this period was the swirling,
visionary Starry Night (1889). In May 1890, he left the asylum and
visited Theo in Paris before going to live with Paul-Ferdinand Gachet,
a homeopathic doctor and friend of Pissarro, at Auvers-sur-Oise. He
worked enthusiastically for several months, but his mental and
emotional state soon deteriorated. In late July 1890, feeling that he
was a burden on Theo and others, he shot himself. He died two days
later, on July 29, in the arms of his brother.
He had exhibited a few canvases at the Salon des Independants in Paris
and in Brussels, and after his death both salons showed small
commemorative exhibits of his work. Over the next decade, a handful of
other van Gogh exhibits took place, but it was not until the
Bernheim-Jeune show in 1901 that he was recognized as a truly
important painter. In subsequent decades, his fame grew exponentially,
and today his paintings are among the most recognized works of art in
the world.
history.com/tdih.do
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