The Independent UK
Monday 26 November 2007
It's not just your imagination, the weather really is getting worse. Andrew Buncombe and Daniel Howden explain why disasters are coming faster, and more furiously than ever.
It has been unmistakable to the millions caught up in the biblical downpours that cut off an entire region of Mexico this year. Many Australians have been sufficiently convinced of it to change the way they vote. It has been obvious to the home owners of middle England who have stood knee deep in their flooded sitting rooms. And it can't have escaped the notice of the millionaire's on Malibu beach who have watched their luxury beach homes burn like matchsticks.
Weather related disasters are increasing in both frequency and savagery and the expansion of human communities into vulnerable habitats along with the increasingly apparent effects of climate change are to blame. A leading British charity has discovered that there has been a fourfold increase in catastrophes such as the floods that swept through South Asia this year affecting more than 250m people.
In a new report, Oxfam says that from an average of 120 such annual disasters in the early 1980s, there are now as many as 500 every year. It called on governments to take more convincing steps to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases that a consensus of scientists blame for the temperature increases.
"This year we have seen floods in South Asia, across the breadth of Africa and Mexico that have affected more than 250 million people," says Oxfam's director Barbara Stocking. "This is no freak year. It follows a pattern of more frequent, more erratic, more unpredictable and more extreme weather events that are affecting more people."
The report published yesterday, says that the number of people affected by such disasters has risen by around 68 per cent. Between 1985-94 an average of 174 million were affected by these incidents while between 1995 to 2004 the average was 254 million.
"Action is needed now to prepare for more disasters otherwise humanitarian assistance will be overwhelmed and recent advances in human development will go into reverse," added Ms Stocking.
Oxfam has called on governments to agree a mandate to negotiate a global deal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide assistance to developing countries to help them confront the impact of climate change. Although countries such as China and India have seen a rapid increase in emissions as a result of their burgeoning economic growth, the charity says that developed nations should be required to act first because they are responsible for the majority of emissions that have led to climate change.
The claims by Oxfam follow the release earlier this month of another report by a coalition of 35 environmental and humanitarian groups warning that Asia's recent economic advances could be reversed as a result of environmental damage caused by climate change. The report, entitled Up In Smoke, said that countries in Asia were likely to be the biggest losers as floods and tropical cyclones increase in number and intensity. The charity says repeated small disasters could push poor communities into a downward spiral from which it was difficult to recover .
Oxfam says Vietnam is likely to be among the countries hardest hit by rising sea levels, based on research carried out by the World Bank. Meanwhile in Bangladesh, reeling from the impact of Cyclone Sidr which struck 10 days ago, the country's environment and agriculture adviser, CS Karim, yesterday blamed global warming for the latest disaster and urged foreign countries to "take steps to reduce green house gas emission. Climate change will inundate parts of Bangladesh, make millions homeless and increase food deficit in the country," he told a meeting of Western donor representatives.
Yesterday hundreds of thousands of people were awaiting a major airlift of emergency supplies. A total of 92 helipads have been constructed in the worst-hit coastal villages and helicopters from US warships located off the country's coast are assisting Bangladeshi aircraft to get food and medicine to those in need.
In the town of Kalapara in the Patuakhali district of Bangladeshi's south-western coast, a bridge collapsed as thousands of people rushed for emergency supplies. At least two people were thought to have been killed.
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